Review

Dermoid cyst of the pancreas: presentation and management

Gianfranco Tucci¹ , Marco Gallinella Muzi¹ , Casimiro Nigro¹ , Federica Cadeddu¹ , Dalia Amabile¹ , Francesca Servadei² and Attilio M Farinon¹

¹  Department of Surgery, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81 00133 Rome, Italy

²  Department of Pathology, University Hospital Tor Vergata, Viale Oxford 81 00133 Rome, Italy

author email corresponding author email

World Journal of Surgical Oncology 2007, 5:85doi:10.1186/1477-7819-5-85

Published:	3 August 2007

Abstract

Background

Dermoid cyst of the pancreas is a benign, well-differentiated, extremely rare germ cell neoplasm. Published data indicate that differential diagnosis of cystic lesions of the pancreas is challenging and although ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance may be useful, radiological findings are often inconclusive and the diagnosis is intraoperative. We report a case of a dermoid cyst of the tail of the pancreas intraoperatively diagnosed and successfully treated with left pancreatectomy. Further, characteristics, preoperative detection and differential diagnosis of this rare pathology are also discussed.

Case presentation

This report documents the findings of a 64-year-old male presenting with a well defined echogenic pancreatic mass on ultrasonography. Computerized Tomography (CT) showed a 5 cm cystic tumor arising from pancreatic tail and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) suggested a tumor extension to the middle side of the stomach without defined margins. A left pancreatectomy was performed. On surgical specimen, histological evaluation revealed a dermoid cyst of the tail of the pancreas measuring 8.5 × 3.0 cm.

Conclusion

Given the benign nature of the dermoid cyst, surgical resection most likely represents the definitive treatment and cure. In addition, resection is indicated in consideration of the difficulty in diagnosing dermoid cyst preoperatively. However, endoscopic ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology have recently been shown to be effective, safe, reliable and cost-saving preoperative diagnostic tools. Therefore, until more cases of dermoid cyst are identified to further elucidate its natural history and improve the reliability of the preoperative diagnostic tools, surgical resection should be considered the standard therapy in order to exclude malignancy.